British skater Madge Cave Syers captured the primary women’s title and received the bronze in pairs with her husband, Edgar Syers. Egypt, the British Virgin Islands, Monaco, Puerto Rico, and Senegal made their Winter Olympics debuts as a Winter Games-file variety of national Olympic committees (49) competed at Sarajevo. Only the British team and American Theresa Weld, who won the bronze medals in pairs and women’s singles respectively, prevented a Scandinavian sweep. Norway topped the medals table with a total of 17, and the Scandinavian countries, which altogether captured 28 of the forty three medals awarded, dropped their previous objections. The primary organized international competition involving winter sports activities was introduced simply 5 years after the birth of the modern Olympics in 1896. This competition, the Nordic Games, included only athletes from the Scandinavian international locations and was held quadrennially in Sweden, starting in 1901. Figure skating was included within the Olympics for the primary time in the 1908 Summer Games in London, although the skating competition was not really held until October, some three months after the opposite occasions have been over. The nice Ulrich Salchow (Sweden) gained the first Olympic gold medal awarded for men’s figure skating. Nordic nations dominated the determine skating events.

Although Yang outperformed Johnson in seven occasions, the American’s dominance in the throwing events made the distinction, and he outscored Yang by fifty eight points to win the gold medal. The decathlon featured a tightly contested battle between Rafer Johnson of the United States and Yang Chuan-kwang of Taiwan, shut pals who each attended the University of California at Los Angeles and educated beneath the identical coach. Conspicuously absent from the Alpine occasions have been 1980 gold medalists Ingemar Stenmark (Sweden) and Hanni Wenzel (Liechtenstein), who were thought of professionals and have been thus banned from Olympic competition. In the men’s competition Scott Hamilton (U.S.) edged out Brian Orser (Canada) to win the gold. In the men’s slalom twin brothers Phil and Steve Mahre (U.S.) took the gold and silver, respectively. Another Swedish skater, Svea Norén, won the silver in women’s singles, while Norwegians captured silver within the men’s and pairs events, as well as the bronze within the men’s singles. Djokovic had beforehand won all three other Grand Slam occasions the year before, which gave him a non-calendar yr Grand Slam as nicely.

Middle-distance runner Peter Snell of new Zealand won the primary of his three career gold price medals. Australian groups, which between them won all but one of the gold medals. To be able to encourage participation, the International Olympic Committee agreed to pay the bills of one male and one female participant from each nation. I learn a beautiful e-book by Arthur C. Clarke, سعر الذهب Childhood’s End, where at one level form of all the pieces was automated, and no one had any job anymore. Automated teller machines (ATMs) started distributing solely euros on January 1, 2002. In the course of the "twin circulation period," till the final deadlines have been reached for changeover, each national currencies and the euro were accepted, however after that time only the euro was acceptable authorized tender. Two years later an agreement was reached to have fun an IOC-sanctioned International Winter Sports Week. Only two years separated the 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville, France, and the 1994 Games in Lillehammer, Norway. The Games staged in St. Moritz, Switzerland, in 1928 have been formally designated the second Winter Olympics. From 1928 the Winter Games had been held each four years in the same calendar yr because the Summer Games.

Thereafter the Winter and Summer Games had been every held quadrennially, alternating in even-numbered years. Taped footage of the Games was flown to New York City at the tip of each day and broadcast on the CBS television network in the United States. Canada captured the gold medal in ice hockey, with the United States winning silver and Czechoslovakia ending with the bronze. Gold-medal-successful ice dancers Jayne Torvill and Christopher Dean (U.K.) redefined the sport with their mesmerizing interpretation of Maurice Ravel’s Boléro. Although the coat of arms of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation showed a black eagle with pink legs in opposition to a gold background, those weren't the official colors of the empire. The German Navy was originally recognized as the Bundesmarine (Federal Navy) from 1956 to 1995, when Deutsche Marine (German Navy) grew to become the official title with respect to the 1990 incorporation of the East German Volksmarine (People's Navy).

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